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"A pit bull is defined as any
dog that is an American Pit Bull Terrier, American
Staffordshire Terrier, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, or any dog
displaying the majority of physical traits of any one or more
of the above breeds, or any dog exhibiting those
distinguishing characteristics that substantially conform to
the standards established by the American Kennel Club ("AKC")
or United Kennel Club ("UKC") for any of the above breeds. "
This bill incorporates both the AKC and UKC definitions
(notably not the ADBA definitions, and the ADBA is the game
dog American Pit Bull Terrier registry with a standard that is
noticeably different than the AKC and UKC standards).
The AKC recognizes the American Staffordshire Terrier and
SBT. The UKC recognizes the American Pit Bull Terrier and the
SBT. Take note of the phrase "dog displaying a majority of
physical traits of any one or more of the above breeds..."
This definition will encompass mixes. Also, since majority
legally means "51%, this could (if literally enforced) apply
to many, many breeds (including American Bulldogs, Jack
Russell Terriers (Parson Russell Terrier), Boxers, Bull
Terriers, and many, many other breeds. If you read the
standards, they are actually fairly general for all breeds. IN
fact, one court said an "American Bulldog" was a "PIT BULL"
because it had similar physical characteristics. In fact, most
short-haired dogs of bull and/or terrier origin have similar
characteristics when reduced to paper. Dogs of all breeds are
ALL the same species. They interbreed (hence, same species),
and genetically are fairly indistinguishable. Hence, they tend
to have very similar physical characteristics, especially when
grouped into things like "terriers" and "Hounds." Amstaffs,
incidentally, are in the terrier group.
Here is an example of how standards can be very similar for
different AKC breeds. Take the "head" as specified in the AKC
standard for the Amstaff and the Labrador Retriever (and the
head is arguably the most distinctive feature of the Amstaff,
so if the head has so many similarities between two unrelated
breeds, anyone can see how problematic this "majority of
physical traits" definition of Pit Bull is):
AST Head
Medium length, deep through, broad skull, very pronounced
cheek muscles, distinct stop; and ears are set high. Ears -
Cropped or uncropped, the latter preferred. Uncropped ears
should be short and held rose or half prick. Full drop to be
penalized. Eyes - Dark and round, low down in skull and set
far apart. No pink eyelids. Muzzle - Medium length, rounded on
upper side to fall away abruptly below eyes. Jaws well
defined. Underjaw to be strong and have biting power. Lips
close and even, no looseness. Upper teeth to meet tightly
outside lower teeth in front. Nose definitely black.
LAB HEAD:
The skull should be wide; well developed but without
exaggeration... The head should be clean-cut and free from
fleshy cheeks... The jaws are powerful and free from
snippiness-- the muzzle neither long and narrow nor short and
stubby. Nose-- The nose should be wide and the nostrils
well-developed. The nose should be black .. Eyes--Kind,
friendly eyes imparting good temperament, intelligence and
alertness are a hallmark of the breed. They should be of
medium size, set well apart, and neither protruding nor deep
set.
You can do this with lots of breeds. Note the overlap (i.e.,
some of the language may differ, but the physical traits end
up being the same --- lab: wide skull ast: broad skull what is
the difference between wide and broad? Nothing.
lab head clean cut and free from fleshy cheeks ast head: lips
close and even, no looseness (so, clean cut and free from
fleshy cheeks)
lab: muzzle neither long and narrow nor short and stubby ast:
muzzle medium length.... (that's a shorter way of describing
the lab's muzzle)
lab: eyes set well apart and medium size
ast: eyes set far apart.
lab jaws: powerful and free from snippiness
ast jaws: well defined, underjaw to be strong (same thing,
different words)
Now, if you compare the standards, you can find 51%
similarities between
them... so under the law as literally applied, all labs could
easily meet
the definition of Pit Bulls (you see why lab mixes are often
labelled "Pit
mixes?")
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